I have a dual perspective on helicopter parenting. I have been working in graduate admissions as a private consultant for the last fifteen years, and I also am the mother of five children ranging in age from 21-28. As the article reports my baby-boomer peers, the mothers and fathers of millenials, are playing more and more of a role in the application process.

As a consultant I have no problem with parents calling for information, footing the bill for Accepted's services, and providing advice and input to their adult children when the children request it.

As a parent, however, I cringe when parents insert themselves into the admissions process and attempt to control it in a misguided attempt to protect their children from possible disappointment or perhaps even perceived failure. While the desire to shield children from experiencing disappointment is understandable, it would be so much more constructive for their children, if the parents selectively support their children's goals and help them deal with disappointment when it inevitably comes their  way. Parents will neither always be able to prevent their children from feeling pain nor around to kiss the boo-boo and make it better. Kids need to learn how to handle setbacks.

Furthermore, parents who take over the application process are sending multiple negative messages.

1. To the school they are saying, "We don't have enough confidence in our children to let them manage the application process (or their affairs) on their own."
2. To the child they are saying "We don't have enough confidence in your ability to handle your affairs so we are going to take over this critical part of your life."

Regarding #1, if parents don't have the confidence that their adults children can manage their own affairs, why should school have confidence that they will be the leaders of tomorrow?

More concretely, I spoke today to an admissions officer at a top business school. She told me of parents and other older relatives coming to pre-application information sessions and to post-acceptance admit weekends. The older relatives were asking more questions than the accepted student.

That makes a bad impression.

If you are an applicant reading this post, then just as the NY Times says, set limits for your parents and older members of your extended family.

• All communication with the school should be between you -- not your parents, aunts, uncles, or grandparents -- and the school.
• Consider carefully your parents' advice on school and professional options. They want what's best for you. However, parents are human too, and they are not infallible. You are going to live your life, work in the profession you choose, and attend the school you go to. Not your parents. The decision is yours and you will bear the consequences -- good or bad.
• Never take your parents to an admissions interview.  

Parents, if you are reading this post:

• Your child is an adult. Demonstrate confidence by letting your child run his or her life.
• Offer advice when sought and occasionally even when not, but respect your adult children's ability to make decisions. It doesn't reflect well on your parenting skills when you don't.
• Help you child deal with disappointment -- be it a rejection or poor score -- by helping them to explore alternatives and examine the factors they can change to improve the outcome in the future. Don't play the blame game.

For more on these themes, please see:

• Mindset: The New Psychology of Success by Dr. Carol S. Dweck
• Raising Resilient Children by Dr. Robert Brooks and Dr. Sam Goldstein (More for parents of younger children, but the principles still apply.)

By Linda Abraham, founder and president of Accepted.

Here’s the answer: it depends.

I know that’s a cop out, but it’s true. It really depends on you, your circumstances, and your goals. I’ve seen too many people—clients, friends, and others—target degrees that ultimately don’t make sense for them. And with today’s unprecedented (in our lifetimes) economic challenges, making the right decision about how to spend the next one to eight (PhD’s can take that long) years of your life is even more crucial.

As someone on his fourth career—counting at-home dad—I should know. My full bio’s elsewhere on this site, but I went straight from undergrad to a PhD program in clinical psychology. It took six years to complete the degree and less than six months for me to leave the field, afterward. Do I regret doing my PhD? Not really: it helped me secure a management consulting position and writing work in academia; and those three letters do look nice on business cards. Do I wish I’d thought more about my strengths and interests and gotten more professional experience before taking that six-year plunge? Absolutely.

In that spirit, let me offer some thoughts on each major graduate degree, and what to think about as you consider applying.

PhD: Having earned one, I think the best reason to pursue a PhD is to secure a career in academia. For professorships at big-name research institutes, it’s the only way in. Sure, people go into industry after becoming this “other kind” of doctor, but I would argue that they don’t need the degree to get there, and even that their time would be better spent gaining real-world experience. Beyond that goal issue, this is the right degree for you if you live and breathe research—using data of all kinds to build on existing theories, generate new ones, and explain phenomena. You should love all things research, including debating theory and methodology with others, to be a serious PhD candidate. As you can imagine, earning a PhD also takes tremendous discipline—for that matter, so does being a professor. It’s not for those who need a lot of structure and guidance.

MBA: The vast majority of my clients are MBA applicants. I help most write very specific goals into their essays. My guess is that post-MBA very few end up doing exactly what they say they will. That tells you several things, one of which is that this is a strong all-purpose degree, and not just for the business world. What other degree turns out so many bankers, consultants, non-profit heads, marketers, operations consultants, policymakers, and so on? None. So there are many good reasons to get the degree, which takes the least time of any advanced degree (one to two years) and generates a lot of job opportunities. Even today. Beyond recruiting, MBA programs endow students with fantastic networks—some debate this point, but I’ve seen how much my friends, colleagues, and even my wife (Kellogg MBA) have benefited from b-school contacts. Any reasons not to go? If business or related fields aren’t really your thing—as I discovered as a strategy consultant—don’t go. If you hate structure and data-based problem-solving and team projects, don’t go.

MD: My brother, both brothers-in-law, and many, many friends are doctors—not med students, not residents, not fellows, but practicing doctors. Most hate how long it took for them to get to this point: they watched friends make “real money” for years while they worked impossibly long hours for little monetary reward. Now, most love what they do, and are thrilled to be in such a stable field that allows them to truly help people while making a reasonable living. But is it for you? I think it comes down to enjoying solving the problems that doctors solve. That sounds self-evident, but I think people forget, especially after all the TV shows that highlight the profession’s highest and lowest moments, that in the end it’s often you in a room with patients and/or other doctors, trying figure out how to diagnose and treat a given set of symptoms. Are you good at that kind of pattern-matching-based problem-solving? Are you okay with the idea of dissecting a cadaver (you have to, in med school)? Do you mind dealing with people often at their worst (other than pathology, radiology, and maybe some other specialties, you’ll have to)? Ask yourself these questions to understand if you’d be happy as a physician.

JD: I know the least about this grad degree. But I do know that a very large number of trained lawyers do not work as attorneys—many are in the business world and elsewhere. That tells me at least a couple things: one, that getting a job as an attorney may be difficult, given supply and demand (it’s definitely a bad job market for lawyers right now); two, that many people rush into law school without really knowing if they want to be lawyers. So think hard about it. Maybe it makes sense to work in the field before committing to grad school. Research what attorneys do, day to day. Again, TV has glamorized litigation (i.e., trial work), but many lawyers rarely set foot in the courtroom. If you find a path that seems to match your skills and interests well, it’s a good sign.

The bottom line: think hard about your grad-school decision. Don’t get a degree because you feel you “should” or you don’t have a lot of other options. If and when you decide a graduate degree is the way to go, my fellow editors and I would be happy to help you make it happen.

By Dr. Sachin Waikar, formerly a McKinsey consultant and now an author and advisor to business and grad school applicants.

In Financing Your Future, an instantly downloadable ebook, you’ll learn about:

• Different types of scholarships.
• When to apply for financial aid.
• How to assemble a strong application.
• Applying for high-prestige scholarships.
• Specific program tips and interview advice.

Check out Financing Your Future: Winning Fellowships, Scholarships and Awards for Grad School.

So her search began to Choose the Right College. Alex wondered- “Does it matter which college you choose?”  Then she read Lynn Mattoon's article What Are You Really Going to College For? posted at myUsearch blog which suggests it is more about what you do than where you go.  She realized before you choose, you need to first figure out why are you going to college.  So Alex’s combustion engineer goal kind of exploded. Or imploded. 

But where should Alex actually go? While looking to find a review of a particular college, she found some tips to use in Tom Tessin’s  Student Reviews of Colleges - Finding Them posted at FCC Student Blog.  She also read up on Great College Advice's article by Katherine Price, the Top 5 Reasons to Go to College Out-of-State,
where Katherine noted that you may have an easier time being admitted to great universities outside your home state.  And tuition may not be any more expensive than attending college down the road. 

Speaking of tuition, Alex realized she had better enter the long road of applying for Scholarships.  She started with admissions expert Julie Manhan best tips to secure a scholarship for those high tuition bills in How to Begin Your Scholarship Search posted at myUsearch blog.  After securing as many scholarships as she could, Alex realized that the funds, together with her little piggy bank, just wouldn’t cut it to cover tuition. 

She needed to find out about Financial Aid options. Knowing that college can be a very financially challenging time, but also a time of great discovery, she read up on Jim Wang’s 40 Money Tips for College Students posted at Blueprint for Financial Prosperity. So now she was a bit more economically savvy, but Alex wasn’t sure she was maximizing her student loan eligibility.  After reading Sophie's seven frequently asked questions and the answers needed to ensure she was not missing any money she may have been eligible for at 7 FAFSA Myths-Don't Lose this Money posted at Sophie's Blog, she felt more relieved, and secured enough funds to pursue her dreams. Almost...

She still had to work on Getting Admitted.
She began working on her application to Dream Business School, conveniently located in Big Creek, North Dakota. She was almost done and thought her application was exactly what the adcom wants to read.  Suddenly, she felt ill. She realized she was suffering from Generic Itis. After a quick search online, she found out the symptoms and prevented it from ruining her application with Linda Abraham's Application Essay Tip: Generic-Itis Prevention posted on the Accepted Admissions Almanac. She also checked out Sophie’s Crucial tips about College Accreditation, learn how it will affect your wallet posted at Sophie's Blog while deciding which courses to take.

Finally, Alex crossed the application bridge and made it to College Life! Amazingly, she received more mail regarding credit card options than from her Dream College (she got in- by the way), so she read MBB’s College Students and Use Of Credit Cards posted at Money Blue Book Blog and made sure to get the best card for her. And yeah, not give away her SSN.

Comfortably ensconced in college life, Alex decided to explore some Other Cool Stuff on the Horizon.

She met students who went directly to graduate business school and insisted they get a lot out of their studies without working first. But many business-school officials didn't agree. She found out the real deal with Khan's Full-time Job After Graduation or Start Work on an M.B.A posted at Higher Education and Career Blog. Alex really wanted to keep everyone updated, but didn’t realize just how difficult is it to blog and attend school as an undergraduate. It seemed that most student blogs were not current, or they have long spaces of inactivity as these students attend to life as they know it. She checked out the ones who stayed on top in Frederick Yarmy's Top 50 Blogs By Undergrad Students posted at Undergraduate Degree and began her own blog called In Alex’s Outer Space. 

Then she posted this carnival detailing her exciting journey to this point in her life. 3….2…1….Time to take off on your own college journey! Good Luck!

On behalf of Accepted.com, Alex thanks Mark Montgomery of Great College Advice for organizing this carnival. For future carnivals, please submit your articles here.

*Photos Courtesy of Accepted.com 2009 Beautiful B-School Photo Contest. 2010 Contest Starting Soon.

It is difficult to detect a trend in these numbers, since some grad schools have larger increases in American students, while others have decreases. Doctoral schools, in general, experienced larger increases than master’s-oriented schools. Enrollment of grad students from China continued to rise, but those from India and South Korea declined, while those from Turkey and the Middle East climbed dramatically  when compared to recent years.

The reason for the decline in Indian and South Korean enrollment is unclear, but could be related to reductions in financial aid packages being offered to international students, particularly those from India. More competition could also be a factor, as other Western countries like Britain and Canada are pursuing foreign students, and countries like China and India have developed their own graduate education offerings. 

The authors researched and identified the factors that cause communications to succeed or fail. They boiled their research down to "six principles of stickiness."  

1. Simplicity.
2. Unexpectedness
3. Concreteness
4. Credibility
5. Emotions
6. Stories

Over the next several weeks I am going to explore these SUCCES principles and apply them to personal statements and application essays. For today let's talk about Simplicity.

Your personal statement or application essay needs a core idea. That essence or central point becomes the driver of all content for that essay. When responding to specific questions, your core must directly and elegantly answer the question. When writing a less-directed personal statement, you still need a driving concept; you just have more choice as to what that concept should be. Everything else in the essay should support that concept.

If writing multiple essays for one application, each essay has to have a core. Those concepts should mesh and complement each other, but not duplicate.

The remaining principles of Making It Stick are means of effectively relating your core idea, but first you need to have a core. Unfortunately, many applicants treat their essays like many teenagers treat their bedroom closets -- as a place to put all kinds of "stuff" that may be useful or perhaps once was useful. There is no logic or organizing principle, no driving force. These messy closet essays then read like the mishmash they are.

Essays that are resumes in prose or that attempt to tell your entire life story descend into the mishmash category. Personal statements replete with irrelevant detail stray from their central mission.  They are not engaging or persuasive. In fact they bore.

When you write your essay, start with a central idea and then make sure that everything else supports it. That elegant simplicity is not simplistic. It is not even easy. It is highly effective. 

The moment I found the lump, I suspected my life was about to change—in a big way. It was mid-May 2001. I was a busy consultant in McKinsey’s Chicago office, the proud father of a boy about to turn one, and a generally happy guy in his early 30s.

It was tempting to wish the lump would just go away, and for a few days that was my strategy. I didn’t even tell my wife. But soon I recognized that knowledge is power, and made an appointment with my doctor. Within a week I had a diagnosis: cancer.

Those seven lines contained important story elements including a killer opening (more literally than usual, in this case), context (early 30’s consultant, Chicago, 2001), stakes (life and death), character (my fear and determination), and obstacles (cancer). You should include these key elements in all your story-based essays.

So what happened next? (incidentally, a well-told story uses these elements to make readers ask that question again and again, pulling them through the story)

Once I got past the initial shock, I discovered an unexpected challenge: choosing among major surgery, two rounds of chemotherapy, and “surveillance” (i.e., regular testing to see if the cancer was spreading). The options had the exact same survival rate (very high), but very different side-effect profiles. For example, the surgery was associated with potential nerve damage, while the chemo could have resulted in lower lung capacity.

This part of my story includes a twist and further obstacles. Twists, or surprise turns in stories—in this case, the challenge of choosing treatment—are not essential for grad school essays, but they can certainly make them more engaging: a teammate with a secret, a client’s abrupt shift in expectations, and the like. My unexpected challenge also represented an obstacle, in that I had to choose among three very different treatments with similar levels of effectiveness.

It was time for some deep research: with my wife’s help and inputs from my oncologist and other doctors, I pored over journal articles and other materials to understand my treatment options and their risks. For example, we learned that the surveillance course could take over five years before one could consider themselves cancer-free.

Here we have more evidence of character (how I took a methodical approach, rather than just picking a treatment impulsively or based on one doctor’s opinion), along with what I’ll call process, or how exactly I approached the obstacle. Too many of my clients leave out their process, skipping from “My team faced several major hurdles” to “The client loved our solution, and I got a raise.” Tell us what you did, how you did it, and ideally how you engaged others to overcome the challenge. Even my cancer story includes a team element (my wife and my doctors).

After weeks of research and deliberation, I opted for two rounds of outpatient chemotherapy. I said goodbye to my hair and hello to needles and nausea. The first week went well. But as I neared the second, my doctor called: the chemo had pushed my white blood cell count too low, compromising my immune system. I would have to wait. For two weeks I avoided raw fruit and vegetables and stayed inside as much as possible. My white blood cell count rose, and I completed the second week of chemo.

Now, over eight years later, I’m considered cured, a survivor. The only physical residue of my treatment is slightly wavier hair. But the experience reinforced the importance of a proactive approach (I found out most men wait over six months to get lumps checked), of careful due diligence in health and other matters, and of never giving up. I carry those lessons into everything I do. So I was right: the lump changed my life in a big way; but I never could have guessed how positive those changes would be.

The last part of my story brings more process (how I made a decision) and another twist (my low white blood cell count), along with the outcome and lessons learned. These last two elements typically tie together: my outcome (surviving cancer) reinforced multiple lessons, as noted above. It’s easy to spend too little (i.e., none) or too much (i.e., paragraphs) time on lessons learned; I’ve found that a line or three usually gets the job done. And I wrapped it all up by returning to my opening—I usually try to end (a killer ending) with a broader theme or key realization or glimpse of the future.

My story is just over 400 words, but it has all the important elements. My fellow editors and I would be happy to ensure that yours do too.

By Dr. Sachin Waikar, formerly a McKinsey consultant and now an author and advisor to business and grad school applicants.

My advice for Wonderman is to look into Kellogg School of Management’s MMM program, a dual degree program that integrates management, operations and design, from concept to execution. The program combines the rigors of Kellogg’s outstanding management program with cutting-edge work in operations and design at McCormick Engineering School, a top engineering school.

 “What?” I can already hear Wonderman gasp, “But I’ve spent years trying to shake my engineering label and operations background! And what does design have to do with my future Finance role!”

Well, Wonderman, think a few years down the road. Imagine the head of a VC or PE firm considering dozens of young hopefuls like you who are eager to find companies that their firm can turn into niche players. Undoubtedly, all the candidates understand sophisticated financials and strategy. But what if one in particular can also roll up his sleeves, poke into a company’s every nook and cranny and efficiently manage it, at every level? What if this candidate also understands the role of good design in companies’ products? My crystal ball says that your candidacy might get special attention…

The MMM is fully integrated into Kellogg’s MBA program. It is a shared student experience, and participants have equal access to all resources, extracurricular and leadership opportunities. MMM students earn two degrees, with one set of requirements; the MBA from Kellogg and the Master of Engineering Management from McCormick.

Students major in either Operations or Design, a track co-founded in 2007 by industrial design guru Don Norman. The flexible curriculum allows students to take courses in those areas most suited to their goals, including marketing, operations, finance and entrepreneurship, while also gaining access to world-class experts and facilities in nanotechnology, biotechnology, transportation and other technical disciplines.

According to Yhana Chavis, Associate Director of Admissions at Kellogg, “Currently, consulting is the most popular post-MBA position for MMM students, followed by energy (think ExxonMobil and General Electric) and high tech. We’re also seeing a spike of interest in Private Equity and Venture Capital, due to the operations component.” MMM graduates also go into retail, transportation and finance." Yet others have started their own firms.

In an era of breaking down knowledge into individual parts, the MMM offers a refreshing alternative by arming its graduates with a holistic approach to management. Given today’s business environment in which funds and know-how cross the globe at breakneck pace, this breadth and depth of knowledge can be a formidable tool for a professional investor.

If you are interested in the design aspect of this program, you can also take a look at INSEAD and Rotman, two other top MBA programs that champion good product design via their collaborations with design schools. Stanford also has its own design center.

Tailoring your b-school experience and turning your target schools into potential partners will be the subject of accepted.com editor Tanis Kmetyk’s ongoing series of posts, and a new book, that will help you become not only a better applicant but, ultimately, a better professional.

• The Dartmouth News published an article about the increasing percentage of women at Tuck with a couple of factoids about Harvard and Wharton. Unfortunately, there is an inaccuracy in the article regarding a non-existent experience requirement at Tuck. I checked with Dawna Clarke, Director of Admissions, who clarified,  "While the average years of work experience (at matriculation) is 4-5 years, that is not a requirement for admission."
• The Economist this week published its eighth annual rankings of international business schools, which it bases on responses to surveys sent to students/alumni and over 100 top MBA programs. The criteria are "open new career opportunities; personal development and educational experience; increase in salary; and potential to network." The Economist's Top Ten:

1. IESE
2. IMD
3. Haas
4. Chicago
5. Harvard
6. Tuck
7. Stanford
8. London Business School
9. Wharton
10. Vlerick Leuven Gent

• New Global Entrepreneurship Program. EMLYON in France,  Babson College in the USA, and Zhejiang University in China have partnered to create the first ‘Global Entrepreneurship Program’ which opens its doors this month. The program begins with 65 students, who will study on each of the three campuses en route to earning an MSc in Entrepreneurship.
• First round deadlines are slowing getting checked off, and their passing means that round one interview invitations will be arriving soon. In fact, they have already started to arrive. As a result, BusinessWeek just published an excellent piece, "Acing the MBA Application Interview", which I want to bring to your attention along with the many MBA interview resources at Accepted, specifically:

•  
  • MBA Interview Coaching and Mock Interviews
  • MBA Interview Feedback Database -- See the questions that have been asked previously and then share your interview experience.
  • MBA Interview Prep Mini-Course, a succinct, free, 5-day email course.
  • MBA I.V.: MBA Interview Questions & Tips, an instantly downloadable ebook.

In order to qualify, one has to be nominated by a member of the Association of American Universities and will have received a Ph.D. between January 2008 and December 2009 in the humanities. Candidates cannot hold a tenure-track position. Fifty finalists will then be chosen based on reports of their teaching and research interests. The AAU universities and select liberal arts colleges can offer positions to the finalists, but the universities must pay one-third and the colleges one-fourth of the costs. Finalists cannot be offered a position at their own institutions. If a finalist does not get a job offer, he/she will receive a one-year stipend of $35,000. This program can not only assist the new Ph.D.’s, but also the universities that have provided the nominees’ doctoral education and those that have reduced recent hiring.